Three phase power and single phase solar inverters (Essential Energy)
This is how franchise three-phase net meters (complying with the rules)
supplied by Essential Energy are configured:
there are 3 ToU (time-of-use) registers for imported (supplied by the
network to the customer) energy, of which one only is active at any
time (note: for the purpose of this discussion, it can be considered
that there is only one import register);
there is one register for exported (supplied by the customer to the
network) energy, active at all times;
the NET energy is calculated as follows:
NET = IMPORT phase A + IMPORT phase B + IMPORT phase C -
EXPORT phase A - EXPORT phase B - EXPORT phase C
the above is calculated over very short periods of time (depending
on meter model), practically instantaneously;
the net energy flow is stored in the export register (for net
export) or the active import register (for net import), as
appropriate.
Here is an example (not very realistic) of how the meter behaves:
Time Phase A Phase B Phase C IMPORT EXPORT
period register register
1 5 Wh 3 Wh 5 Wh 7 Wh 0
import export import
2 4 Wh 3 Wh 5 Wh 0 2 Wh
export export import
3 0 5 Wh 5 Wh 0 0
export import
4 3 Wh 4 Wh 5 Wh 12 Wh 0
import import import
5 5 Wh 0 2 Wh 0 7 Wh
export export
TOTAL 0.019 kWh 0.009 kWh
The registers are read and the bill is then calculated by applying the
appropriate tariff to the totals.
I hope that the above makes clear that from a financial point of view, it
makes no difference whether the generation is on a lightly or heavily
loaded phase, or spread evenly across all phases, as the net energy is
calculated globally. Of course it is desirable to have phases balanced, so
it's highly recommended to place a single-phase generator on the phase
that's most loaded during the day.
The following document contains information on our three-phase meters,
including how to read the registers:
https://www.essentialenergy.com.au/asset/cms/pdf/contestableWorks/CEOM8014_50.pdf
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